Table 1 Data and their sources for model development
From: A visual energy performance assessment and decision support tool for dwellings
Information required | Data source |
|---|---|
Dwelling geometry sub-model | Â |
Number of storeys | Terrestrial imagery from Google Maps |
Floor area and perimeter | Vector map of the area from Ordinance Survey |
Height of each storey | Vector map from Landmap |
Area of the roof | Vector map of the area from Ordinance Survey |
Area of the exposed walls and windows | Vector map of the area from Ordinance Survey |
Dwelling physics sub-model | Â |
Degree day region | Vector map of the area from Ordinance Survey |
Height above sea level (m) | Vector map of the area from Ordinance Survey |
Mean wind speed | Data tables provided in SAP |
Level of over-shading | Raster imagery from Ordinance Survey and Google Maps |
Dwelling detachment (mid or end terraced, semidetached, detached, flat, etc.) | Vector map of the area from Ordinance Survey |
Dwelling Age (Before 1900, 1900–1929, 1930–1949 1950–1966, 1967–1975, 1976–1982, 1983–1990, 1991–1995, 1996–2002, 2003–2006, 2007 – Onwards) | Vector map of the area from Landmap, raster imagery from Ordinance Survey and Google Maps |
U Value for walls and windows | Inferred from age of the building and raster imagery |
U Value for floor and roof | Inferred from age of the dwelling |
Draught proofing | Inferred from economic deprivation data from ONS |
Type of window and door frame | Terrestrial imagery from Google Maps |
Orientation of windows | Raster imagery from Ordinance Survey and Google Maps |
Number of flues, chimneys | Raster imagery from Ordinance Survey and Google Maps |
Number of fans and vents | Inferred from age of the dwelling |
Presence of mechanical ventilation | Assumed no mechanical ventilation |
Type of water heater (gas, oil or solid fuel boiler, electric immersion.) | HEED |
If hot water tank present its volume, thickness of insulation, thermostat and insulation of primary pipework | Default SAP values depending on age of the dwelling |
Dwelling usage sub-model | Â |
Heating system type e.g. open, sealed, etc. and fuel e.g. gas, oil, solid fuel, electric, etc. | HEED and EHCS |
Efficiency of the heating system | Inferred based on HEED and EHCS data |
Type of heating controls (programmers, thermostats) | Inferred based on HEED and EHCS data |
Type of cooking system (electric cooker, cooking range, etc.) | Inferred based on HEED and EHCS data |
Total number of lighting outlets and proportion of low energy lights | Inferred based on economic deprivation data from ONS, HEED and EHCS data |
Number of occupants | Census data from ONS |
Heating periods | Inferred based on economic deprivation data from ONS |
Demand temperatures | Inferred based on economic deprivation data from ONS |
Level of use of hot water, lights and cooking (average, below average and above average) | Inferred based on economic deprivation data from ONS |